Robotics Mock 2026

WASSCE style · Study mode

Robotics Mock 2026

Question 1 of 50

Which best describes a robot?

A. a programmable machine that senses, decides and acts B. any electric fan C. a computer game D. a type of battery

Question 2 of 50

A robot that can carry out its task without a person controlling it moment by moment is

A. remote-controlled B. manual C. tethered D. autonomous

Question 3 of 50

Which task is a common use of industrial robots?

A. marking exam scripts by hand B. teaching history lessons C. welding car bodies on an assembly line D. farming by hand

Question 4 of 50

The "brain" of a robot, which processes inputs and decides on outputs, is the

A. actuator B. controller (microcontroller) C. chassis D. end effector

Question 5 of 50

A part of a robot that produces movement, such as a motor, is

A. a sensor B. a controller C. a battery D. an actuator

Question 6 of 50

An ultrasonic sensor measures

A. distance, using sound echoes B. colour C. temperature D. light intensity

Question 7 of 50

An LDR (light-dependent resistor) senses

A. sound B. light C. pressure D. humidity

Question 8 of 50

A robot that uses a camera to recognise objects is using

A. pneumatics B. hydraulics C. computer vision D. soldering

Question 9 of 50

Asimov's First Law of Robotics says that a robot must not

A. injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm B. disobey any machine C. run out of power D. learn new tasks

Question 10 of 50

The tool at the end of a robotic arm, such as a gripper, is the

A. base B. joint C. encoder D. end effector

Question 11 of 50

A robot arm has 6 joints, each giving one independent movement. How many degrees of freedom does it have?

A. 3 B. 6 C. 12 D. 1

Question 12 of 50

A line-following robot usually detects a dark line on a light floor with

A. microphones B. infrared (IR) reflectance sensors C. thermometers D. GPS receivers

Question 13 of 50

A rotary encoder on a wheel is used to measure

A. the colour of the floor B. how far or how fast the wheel has turned C. air pressure D. battery temperature

Question 14 of 50

A servo motor is the best choice when a robot needs

A. very fast continuous spinning only B. to measure light C. precise control of angle or position D. to store data

Question 15 of 50

A stepper motor rotates in

A. fixed angular steps B. random directions C. only one full turn D. a straight line

Question 16 of 50

An ultrasonic pulse returns to the sensor after 0.002 s. If sound travels at 340 m/s, how far away is the obstacle?

A. 0.68 m B. 0.17 m C. 0.34 m D. 680 m

Question 17 of 50

An H-bridge circuit is used to

A. measure distance B. store a program C. charge a battery D. reverse the direction of a DC motor

Question 18 of 50

PWM (pulse-width modulation) is often used to

A. control the speed of a DC motor B. measure temperature C. read a sensor's colour D. connect to Wi-Fi

Question 19 of 50

A motor drives a robot wheel through a 3 : 1 gear reduction. The wheel turns

A. 3 times slower, with more torque B. 3 times faster, with more torque C. at the same speed D. backwards only

Question 20 of 50

In PID control, the letters stand for

A. Power, Input, Drive B. Proportional, Integral, Derivative C. Position, Inertia, Distance D. Program, Interface, Device

Question 21 of 50

On an Arduino Uno, analogRead() returns values in the range

A. 0 to 255 B. 0 to 100 C. 0 to 1023 D. −512 to 512

Question 22 of 50

A room temperature controller that measures and adjusts the heating continuously, rather than in separate steps, is an example of

A. a continuous-time system B. a two-state machine only C. a non-feedback system D. a manual system

Question 23 of 50

Two-point calibration is suitable for a sensor whose output is

A. linear (a straight-line response) B. completely random C. always zero D. digital only

Question 24 of 50

An active sensor differs from a passive sensor because it

A. needs no power at all B. can only measure temperature C. sends out its own energy, such as sound or infrared, and detects what returns D. never needs calibrating

Question 25 of 50

Converting an analogue signal into a digital one involves sampling and

A. amplification only B. soldering C. calibration only D. quantisation

Question 26 of 50

In a circuit, a capacitor

A. lets current flow in one direction only B. blocks steady direct current but lets alternating current pass C. gives out light D. amplifies signals

Question 27 of 50

A resistor has the colour bands brown, black and red. What is its resistance?

A. 102 Ω B. 10 kΩ C. 1 kΩ D. 120 Ω

Question 28 of 50

Before measuring a resistor with a multimeter, you should

A. switch off the power and, if possible, disconnect one leg of the resistor B. turn up the supply voltage C. set the meter to the current (A) range D. hold both probe tips with your fingers

Question 29 of 50

Simplify the Boolean expression A + A·B.

A. B B. A C. A·B D. 1

Question 30 of 50

By De Morgan's theorem, NOT(A·B) equals

A. Ā·B̄ B. A + B C. A·B D. Ā + B̄

Question 31 of 50

A worm gear is often used in a robot arm joint because it

A. gives a large speed reduction and resists being turned back by the load B. spins the output faster than the motor C. changes motion into sound D. has no teeth

Question 32 of 50

A Geneva drive turns continuous rotation into

A. continuous linear motion B. intermittent (step-by-step) rotation C. heat D. an electrical signal

Question 33 of 50

A crank and rocker mechanism turns the full rotation of the crank into

A. a back-and-forth swinging motion of the rocker B. the straight-line motion of a rack C. faster continuous rotation D. an electrical pulse

Question 34 of 50

A robot wheel of radius 0.2 m spins at 5 rad/s. What is the robot's linear speed?

A. 25 m/s B. 0.04 m/s C. 1 m/s D. 5.2 m/s

Question 35 of 50

A wheel starts at 4 rad/s and has an angular acceleration of 1.5 rad/s². What is its angular velocity after 6 s?

A. 9 rad/s B. 13 rad/s C. 10 rad/s D. 31 rad/s

Question 36 of 50

Working out where a robot arm's gripper will be from its joint angles is

A. inverse kinematics B. forward kinematics C. dynamics D. calibration

Question 37 of 50

A temperature sensor reads 4 °C in melting ice (0 °C) and 96 °C in boiling water (100 °C). If its response is a straight line, what is the true temperature when it reads 50 °C?

A. 46 °C B. 54 °C C. 52 °C D. 50 °C

Question 38 of 50

A sensor samples a water level of 74.78 cm, which is quantised to 70 cm. What is the percentage error?

A. 6.4% B. 4.8% C. 6.8% D. 93.6%

Question 39 of 50

A line-following robot keeps over-correcting and wobbling from side to side. Which PID change is most likely to help?

A. increase Kp a lot B. reduce Kp, or increase Kd C. remove the sensor D. drive faster

Question 40 of 50

In a PID controller, the integral (I) term mainly helps to

A. make the robot lighter B. measure distance C. remove a small error that remains over time D. reduce battery use

Question 41 of 50

A robot draws 2 A from a 2,000 mAh battery. Approximately how long will it run?

A. 4 hours B. 2 hours C. 30 minutes D. 1 hour

Question 42 of 50

A PWM signal with a 25% duty cycle on a 12 V supply gives an average voltage of

A. 9 V B. 3 V C. 12 V D. 6 V

Question 43 of 50

An ultrasonic echo returns after 2 ms. If sound travels at 340 m/s, the obstacle distance is

A. 0.17 m B. 0.68 m C. 3.4 m D. 0.34 m

Question 44 of 50

A 10-bit ADC with a 5 V reference has a resolution of about

A. 0.5 V B. 4.9 mV C. 50 mV D. 1 mV

Question 45 of 50

Sensor fusion combines

A. battery cells B. two motors C. data from several sensors for better estimates D. programs and wheels

Question 46 of 50

A motor shaft turning at 120 rpm with a wheel of radius 5 cm moves the robot at about

A. 0.1 m/s B. 6 m/s C. 0.63 m/s D. 1.2 m/s

Question 47 of 50

The power output of a motor giving 0.5 N m torque at 10 rad/s is

A. 50 W B. 0.05 W C. 20 W D. 5 W

Question 48 of 50

Increasing the proportional gain too much in a P controller usually causes

A. slower response always B. overshoot and oscillation C. no change D. zero error

Question 49 of 50

A PID controller output is u = Kp·e + Ki·∫e dt + Kd·de/dt. The term that predicts future error is

A. the proportional term B. the integral term C. the derivative term D. none

Question 50 of 50

In an Arduino sketch, millis() is preferred over delay() for multitasking because it

A. does not block the program B. is slower C. uses less memory always D. stops interrupts

Questions written by OtisamLMS in the style of the WASSCE. They are not WAEC past questions.